Pengaruh Tekanan Kompaksi dan Komposisi Penyusun Kampas Rem Berbasis Serbuk Kayu Mahoni dan Serbuk Kuningan Terhadap Ketahanan Aus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.9744/jtm.23.2.82-90Keywords:
compaction pressure, brake pad composition, mahogany powder, brass powder, wear resistanceAbstract
The use of asbestos as the main material in brake pad manufacturing has been discontinued due to its toxic nature and serious health risks, including asbestosis, mesothelioma, and lung cancer, thereby encouraging the development of safer and more environmentally friendly alternative materials. This study developed bio-composite brake pads based on mahogany wood powder as a natural fiber combined with brass powder, using polyester resin as the matrix binder and magnesium oxide as a reinforcing agent to enhance mechanical integrity. The fabrication process was carried out using a compaction method followed by sintering to achieve optimal bonding and densification. This research aimed to evaluate the effects of compaction pressure and variations in constituent composition on the wear resistance of the brake pads. Compaction pressures of 3000, 3200, and 3400 psi were applied with mahogany powder to brass powder ratios of 1:4 and 4:4. Wear tests were conducted on all fabricated specimens. The results showed that the highest specific wear value of 9.2 × 10⁻⁴ mm³/kg.m occurred in the 1:4 composition at a compaction pressure of 3000 psi, while the lowest value of 5.5 × 10⁻⁴ mm³/kg.m was obtained in the 4:4 composition at a compaction pressure of 3400 psi. These findings indicate that both compaction pressure and constituent composition significantly affect the wear resistance of brake pads.
References
Z. Abdullah, P. M. Heerwan, M. A. Zakaria, and M. I. Ishak, “Investigation of Brake Pad Wear Impact on Autonomous Emergency Braking Pedestrian Performance on Wet Road Conditions,” International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 11415–11425, 2024, doi: 10.15282/ijame.21.2.2024.18.0881
Y. Wei and J. Yin, “Defect Detection in Disc Brake Pads Using an Improved AlexNet Convolutional Neural Network,” International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 12654–12664, 2025, doi: 10.15282/ijame.22.3.2025.9.0966.
P. Irawan et al., “Overview of the Important Factors Influencing the Performance of Eco-Friendly Brake Pads,” Polymers (Basel), vol. 14, no. 6, Article 1180, 2022, doi: 10.3390/polym14061180.
L. I. D. Tamás, O. Péter, S. Matyas, S. Erno, S. Alexandros, “Brake Disc Deformation Detection Using Intuitive Feature,” Machines, vol. 214, no. 12, Article 214, 2024, doi: 10.3390/machines12040214.
M. Khafidh et al., “A Study on Characteristics of Brake Pad Composite Materials by Varying the Composition of Epoxy, Rice Husk, Al2O3 and Fe2O3,” Automotive Experience, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 303–319, 2023, doi: 10.31603/ae.9121.
J. Cao, J. Bao, Y. Yin, W. Yao, T. Liu, and T. Cao, “Intelligent Prediction of Wear Life of Automobile Brake Pad Based on Braking Conditions,” Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 2, no. November, pp. 157–165, 2025, doi: 10.1108/ILT-04-2022-0132.
A Y. Inagaki et al., “Clinical Significance of Detecting Asbestos Bodies in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid in Diffuse Lung Disease,” Respiratory Medicine, vol. 252, no. December 2025, Article 108642, 2026, doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2026.108642.
J. O. Dirisu, I. P. Okokpujie, O. O. Joseph, and S. O. Oyedepo, “Sustainable Biocomposites Materials for Automotive Brake Pad Application : An Overview,” Journal of Renewable Materials, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 485–511, 2024, doi: 10.32604/jrm.2024.045188.
Karimah et al., “A Review on Natural Fibers for Development of Eco-Friendly Bio-Composite: Characteristics and Utilizations,” Journal of Materials Research and Technology, vol. 13, pp. 2442–2458, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.06.014.
C. Feron, G. Nanlohy, T. Sahusilawane, and M. C. Siahay, “Pengaruh Serbuk Kayu Mahoni Sebagai Pengganti Sebagian Agregat Halus Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton,” Jurnal Penelitian Multidisiplin Bangsa, vol. 1, no. 7, pp. 810–819, 2024, doi: 10.59837/jpnmb.v1i7.141.
T. M. Palian, F. Phengkarsa, and L. Buarlele, “Pengaruh Limbah Serbuk Kayu Mahoni Sebagai Subtitusi Agregat Halus Sebagai Campuran Beton,” Paulus Civil Engineering Journal, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 57–67, 2023.
R. Ariawan et al., “Pelatihan Pengolahan Limbah Kayu Mahoni ( Swietenia Mahagoni ) pada BUMDes Banjarwaru,” Journal of Community Development, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 281–288, 2024, doi: 10.47134/comdev.v5i2.258
S. Xu et al., “Effect of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria on Corrosion of Copper and Brass,” Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 1919–1936, 2025, doi: 10.1016/S1003-6326(25)66791-4.
M. A. Essam et al., “Tribological Characteristics of Composite Brake Pads Under Variable Load and Speed,” Scientific Reports, vol. 16, Article 1634, 2026, doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-33326-7s.
Z. Ammar, H. Ibrahim, M. Adly, and I. Sarris, “Influence of Natural Fiber Content on the Frictional Material of Brake Pads – A Review,” Journal of Composite Science, vol. 7, no. 2, Article 72, 2023, doi: 10.3390/jcs7020072.
M. A. Essam, N. M. Abdeltawab, A. Y. Shash, and M. M. El-sayed, “Investigation of Mechanical Properties and Performance of Automotive Brake Pads,” Scientific Reports, vol. 15, Article 32218, 2025, doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-15116-3.
R. Rajan, Y. K. Tyagi, A. Das, P. Kumar, and S. K. Patel, “Development and Analysis of Friction Characteristics of Coir Fiber Added Organic Brake Pad Composite,” Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 62, no. 10, pp. 6077–6082, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2022.04.1011.
M. Yigrem, O. Fatoba, and S. Tensay, “Tribological and Mechanical Properties of Banana Peel Hybrid Composite for Brake-Pad Application,” Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 2829–2838, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2022.02.381.
O. R. Adetunji, A. M. Adedayo, S. O. Ismailia, and O. U. Dairo, “Effect of Silica on The Mechanical Properties of Palm Kernel Shell Based Automotive Brake Pad,” Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 7–16, 2022, doi: 10.31603/mesi.6178.
F. Fatkhurrohman et al., "Investigation on Hardness and Microstructural Behavior of Mahogany–Brass Reinforced Bio-Composite Brake Pads Under Varying Compaction Pressure," Jurnal Polimesin, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 304–309, 2026, doi:10.30811/jpl.v24i2.8593
J. Anggono and C. Ayub, “Pengaruh Variasi Tekanan Hot Press pada Kekuatan Biokomposit Biji Salak - Polipropilena,” Jurnal Teknik Mesin, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 36–39, 2022, doi: 10.9744/jtm.19.2.36-39.
I. F. Fakhrurrozi, M. K. Herliansyah, and K. Kusmono, “Characterization and Mechanical Properties of PLA / Acetylated Cellulose Nanocrystals Composites for Dental Crown Prototype Application,” Results in Engineering, vol. 25, Article 103903, 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.rineng.2024.103903
S. Sunardi, S. Hamdi, I. Saefuloh, A. Sudrajad, S. Ula, and M. Fawaid, “Perilaku Laju Keausan dan Kekerasan Komposit Epoksi yang Diperkuat dengan Serat Gelas dan Partikel Bambu,” Jurnal Teknik Mesin, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 64–72, 2024, doi: 10.9744/jtm.21.2.64-72.
H. S. Fadhil and R. S. Hadi, “Erosion Wear and Hardness Shore D of Epoxy,” The Iraqi Journal For Mechanical And Materials Engineering, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 26–34, 2021, doi: 10.32852/iqjfmme.v21i1.536.
S. Alotaibi et al., “Incorporating Date Palm Fibers for Sustainable Friction Composites in Vehicle Brakes,” Scientific Reports, vol. 14, Article 73275, 2024, doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-73275-1.
M. T. Nur Fuad and H. Yudiono, “Analisa Keausan Kampas Rem Sepeda Motor Berbahan Komposit Serbuk Tempurung Buah Maja,” Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin Undiksha, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 45–53, 2024, doi: 10.23887/jptm.v10i1.44431.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Fatkhurrohman, Chorn Sokvisal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Teknik Mesin is publihed by the Mechanical Engineering Department, Petra Christian University, Indonesia
All articles and their contents are published and distributed under the international license of Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).
